Watering plants is an essential task to keep them healthy and thriving. However, it's important to do it correctly to avoid damaging them. Plants need the right amount of water at the right time depending on several factors. 

Here are some tips for watering plants, including when to water them, how often to water them, and watering practices for various plant types.

The Dos of Watering Plants:

1. Water the roots: Instead of drenching the leaves, water should be applied to the soil around the plant's base. It's crucial to focus on the roots, which are responsible for absorbing nutrients and moisture. Avoid watering the foliage, as this can lead to disease and damage.

2. Water Thoroughly: Water the plants sufficiently to encourage the development of deep roots. A gentle sprinkle might not be enough since it promotes the formation of shallow roots, which makes the plant more vulnerable to drought.

3. Water in the morning: If possible, water your plants first thing in the morning. This lowers the danger of fungal illnesses by allowing the plants to absorb the moisture before the day gets hot. However, if you can't water in the morning, late afternoon is the next best time. Additionally, when plants are actively photosynthesizing during the day, they may absorb water and nutrients more efficiently.

4. Use room temperature water: Cold water can shock plant roots, while hot water can scorch them. Therefore, water that is of room temperature should be given to the plants to avoid damaging them.

5. Use Drip Irrigation: Use Drip Irrigation technique to water the plants. This will help you in avoiding wastage of water and water will be distributed evenly to the root zone.

6. Water according to soil condition: Before watering, check the soil's moisture levels by sticking your finger approximately an inch deep into the ground. If it seems dry at that depth, water it then only.

7. Water according to plant's need: Different plants have different water requirements, so it's important to research how much water your specific plant needs and adjust accordingly. Overwatering can be just as damaging as underwatering, so find the right balance for your plant's needs.

8. Use mulch: Do munching of your plants in the pots or gardens before watering. Applying mulch around a plant's base can help it retain moisture, control weed growth, and maintain the right soil temperature.

The Don'ts of Watering Plants

1. Avoid Overwatering: Overwatering is a common mistake that can be damaging to your plants. Too much water can lead to root rot, which can ultimately kill your plant. Make sure you're not watering your plants too frequently or giving them too much water at once. It is essential to let the soil dry out in between waterings.

2. Do not water at Night: Watering at night can cause leaf moisture to remain for a long time, which can promote fungus. If you must water in the evening, do it before dusk so that the leaves have time to dry.

3. Avoid Frequent Light Watering: In hot weather, frequent light watering can stress plants and encourage the establishment of shallow roots.

4. Don't use cold water: Using cold water can shock your plants and damage their roots. It's best to use water that is at room temperature or slightly warmer.

5. Avoid Watering the Leaves on Hot Days: Watering the plants during the hottest parts of the day can cause the water to evaporate quickly and may not give your plants enough time to absorb the moisture they need. The magnifying action of water droplets acting as lenses during peak sunlight can cause leaf burn.

Watering requirements according to plant types

The type of plant determines how much and when it needs to be watered. 

1. Succulents: Succulents like cactus and other native plants are drought-tolerant and require only intermittent irrigation since they are suited to dry environments. Water frequently, but deeply and thoroughly. The succulents should be watered only when they become dry. Don't water it if it's moist. By keeping the soil moist all the time, its roots will rot. 

2. Tropical Plants: Tropical plants should be given water only once a week. Keep the soil mostly moist but not soggy. Water needs to be able to drain. Tropical plants tend to survive with more water. For example, Ferns and orchids demand soil that is wet. They might need to be watered more often.

3. Vegetables: In order to maintain their quick growth, these plants typically require constant watering three times a week. Most vegetables need about 1 to 2 inches of water each week. If the plants are seedlings, water them twice a day until established. If the soil is dry an inch below the surface you should water the vegetables then only. 

4. Fruit Plants: You should water the fruit plants weekly during the first year. Many fruit trees require deep watering. Watering may also depend on the soil they’re planted in. Water the fruit plants according to their variety. Until the fruit trees grow big in size and mature, they need to be regularly watered. Matured fruit trees require intermittent watering.

5. Shrubs and Perennials: Watering requirements for shrubs and perennials vary, but most appreciate routine watering, particularly during dry times.

By paying attention to the soil moisture level, the time of day, and the kind of plant you can water the plants accordingly and ensure your plants stay healthy and happy.

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